Experimental investigation on the effect of ambient pressure on thermal runaway and fire behaviors of lithium‐ion batteries

To investigate the impacts of ambient pressure on thermal runaway and fire behaviors of lithium‐ion battery (LIB), experimental measurement and theoretical analysis with serial conditions are conducted at two altitudes. The well‐designed experimental equipment and operating conditions have enabled the accurate evaluation of ambient pressure effects. Results show that the first abrupt temperature change in Hefei (ambient pressure 100.8 kPa) is higher than that in Lhasa (64.3 kPa). The difference in ambient pressure at two altitudes leads to different relief valve crack temperature and time. The average burning rate in Hefei is larger than that in Lhasa, and the estimated pressure effect factor is quite different for detailed pack conditions and varies within the range of 0.083‐1.39. The ambient pressure has a greater effect on the heat release rate and total heat release than the mass loss, and the effective combustion heat under the low pressure is lower than that in normal condition. This work can provide more comprehensive and useful data for the safety management of LIBs at low pressure environments.     

迎泽公园古典园林建筑中的油饰彩画分析

以迎泽公园综合改造工程为依托,对迎泽公园内北侧古典园林建筑中的油饰彩画进行修建后调研,分析各处建(构)筑物上采用的彩画样式、等级、纹样等情况,探索传统建筑与油饰彩画在现代城市中的运用与发展之道。     

NiP2/FeP heterostructural nanoflowers interwoven by carbon nanotubes as highly efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for water splitting has a sluggish kinetics, thus significantly hindering the reaction efficiency. So far, it is still challenging to develop a cost-efficient and highly active catalyst for OER processes. To address such issues, we design and synthesize NiP₂/FeP heterostructural nanoflowers interwoven by carbon nanotubes (NiP₂/FeP@CNT) by a hydrothermal reaction followed by phosphating. The NiP₂/FeP@CNT catalyst delivers excellent OER performance: it displays an ultralow Tafel slope of 44.0 mV dec^?1 and a relatively low overpotential of 261 mV at 10 mA cm^?2, better than RuO₂ commercial catalyst; it also shows excellent stability without observable decay after 20-h cycling. The outstanding OER property is mainly attributed to its special 3D stereochemical structure of CNT-interwoven NiP₂/FeP heterostructural nanoflowers, which is highly conductive and guarantees considerable active sites. Such nanostructure greatly facilitates the charge transfer, which significantly improves its electrocatalytic activity. This work offers a simple method to synthesize non-precious transition metal-based phosphide electrocatalysts with a unique hierarchical nanostructure for water splitting.

Graphical abstract

     

空气净化器缓冲包装跌落仿真分析及优化

为了提高空气净化器在流通过程中的安全性,根据空气净化器的规格和防护要求,以瓦楞纸板为材料设计缓冲衬垫,选择60 cm的高度对缓冲单元进行了面、棱和角3种方式的跌落仿真,根据仿真结果,面跌落产生的极限应力2.033 MPa,低于缓冲材料的极限应力2.38 MPa,棱、角跌落缓冲衬垫的极限应力分别为3.882 MPa和4.847 MPa,均超过了衬垫材料的极限应力,但跌落过程中的冲击加速度分别为56.0 g、15.3 g和27.4 g,小于空气净化器的脆值80 g.因此,所设计的缓冲单元在跌落过程中对内装物起到了保护作用,针对应力集中部位进行结构优化,提高了缓冲单元的缓冲效果.     

沉积相精细描述技术在提升油藏开发效果中的作用

某油田西区油藏作为主力开发地区,到了开发中后期主要产油区含水率增加,剩余油分布不能明确刻画.采用深化沉积相研究,明确沉积河道走向,找寻剩余油富集区,进而提出改进措施,实现精细开采,提高本区块的开采率,提高石油产量.     

轨道车辆大功率高频辅助变流器设计研究

介绍了一种基于LLC谐振变换器的轨道车辆大功率高频辅助变流器设计方法,主要对LLC谐振变换器工作原理、核心器件选型及电磁兼容等关键项点进行理论分析和硬件设计,并通过样机试验验证了设计思路,为轨道车辆大功率高频辅助变流器设计提供理论支撑和工程经验。     

一种基于PID的无位置传感器直流电动机控制方法研究

介绍一种基于PID的无位置传感器直流电动机的控制方法。针对无位置传感器起动过程中的检测原理以及相应的电机控制策略进行了详细的论述,省去了复杂的计算,降低了对电机参数的依赖性。通过仿真可以看出,此控制系统有较好的静态性能,控制精度比较高、稳定性较好。